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Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
1844 – 1908
New York's Musical Courier was not so far from the mark when it reported in 1897: "Rimsky-Korsakov– what a name! It suggests fierce whiskers stained with vodka."
Life and Music
- Rimsky became a composer by the 'back door' as one of a band of talented amateurs who miraculously emerged in Russia during the mid-19th century.
- As with Tchaikovsky, Rimsky's career was marked by a struggle between the striking originality of his ideas and their presentation: between the message and the medium.
- Rimsky began his professional life by following family tradition as a naval officer. It was his contact with Balakirev, spiritual mentor of the group known as the 'Kuchka' or 'Mighty Handful' - that inspired him to start composing seriously.
- His first work under Balakirev's guidance was nothing less than a full-scale symphony - the first by a modern Russian composer - written when he was still largely ignorant of basic harmonic and contrapuntal principles. So great was the work's impact that although he still held only a tenuous grasp on compositional procedures he was appointed a full-time professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1871.
- By the time he had finished, Mussorgsky was alarmed at how Rimsky's music had become, at least in his eyes, "routine, reactionary and lifeless". Tchaikovsky was also aware of the effect that academicism was having on Rimsky.
- Ironically, it was this self-imposed training that enabled Rimsky to complete and revise many of Mussorgsky's scores following the latter's premature death from alcoholism.
- During the last two decades of his life he concentrated his attention on creating 'fantastical' operatic worlds built almost entirely on magical combinations of timbres, harmonies and tonal colours, climaxing in The Golden Cockerel.
- Rimsky was way ahead of his time, anticipating by 50 years the position adopted by many composers of the post-war avant-garde. And yet he loathed modernist tendencies. His most famous pupil, Igor Stravinsky, recalled a performance they had attended of Debussy's La Mer shortly before Rimsky's death: "I asked Rimsky-Korsakov what he thought. He replied, "Better not listen to it; you risk getting used to it, and then you might even end up liking it".
Did you know?
Rimsky's acute ear for orchestral detail is demonstrated in an event recounted by Rachmaninov. During a rehearsal of his opera May Night, Rimsky was sitting alone at the back of the hall, watching without a score. Suddenly he rushed forward, groaning as if in pain, and wailed, "They are using B flat clarinets!" It was only upon closer inspection that Rachmaninov discovered that clarinets in A had been specified, a tiny detail that would have gone unnoticed by all but the most discerning of musicians.
